Our first aim was to investigate whether the ingestion of a single high-fat meal impairs glucose tolerance. Our second aim was to investigate whether improvements in glucose tolerance that are seen after resistance exercise remain when exercise is performed after ingestion of a high-fat meal. Eight young males consumed either a high fat (HF) or an isocaloric control (CON) meal in the morning and underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 6 h later. On two other occasions, a single 1 h bout of resistance exercise was completed 2 h after consumption of each meal (HFE and CONE). There were no significant differences in plasma glucose and plasma insulin areas under the curve (AUC) or estimates of insulin sensitivity between the HF and CON trials (P > 0.05). The HFE and CONE trials elicited a ~20% lower plasma glucose AUC (P < 0.05) compared to their respective control trials. The HFE also elicited a ~25% lower plasma insulin AUC (P < 0.05) in comparison to the HF trial. The HFE trial also significantly improved estimates of insulin sensitivity in comparison to the HF condition (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that consumption of a single HF meal does not impair glucose tolerance in the resting state in lean individuals and that an acute bout of resistance exercise remains effective in enhancing glucose tolerance following the ingestion of a single high-fat meal.