In an open study, 19 infants with a bipolar seborrhoeic rash were treated with ketoconazole 2% in cream once a day and evaluated over 10 days of treatment. At day 10, 78.9% of patients were almost cleared. Percutaneous absorption peaked 1-3 h after topical treatment, and was minimal. No plasma ketoconazole accumulation over the 10-day treatment was detected. Treatment failures corresponded to histologically psoriasiform eruptions and probable atopic dermatitis.