Noninvasive evaluation of renal oxygenation in diabetic nephropathy by BOLD-MRI

Eur J Radiol. 2012 Jul;81(7):1426-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.03.045. Epub 2011 Apr 5.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the renal oxygenation in type 2 diabetes by blood oxygenation level dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI).

Materials and methods: Forty-eight patients with type 2 diabetes and 67 healthy controls were recruited. All patients were further divided into four subgroups based on renal functional level. Bilateral renal cortical R2* (CR2*) and medullary R2* (MR2*) values were extracted and quantified on BOLD-MRI, then R2* ratio between medulla and cortex (MCR) was calculated. CR2*, MR2* and MCR were compared among the groups separately. The relationships were analyzed between R2* values and clinical index of renal function.

Results: Compared with controls, MR2* and CR2* in diabetes were significantly increased. The positive relationship was found between MR2* and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and CR2* was negatively correlated with eGFR. Interestingly, the MCR increased in early stage of diabetes and decreased along with the aggravation of diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Conclusion: BOLD-MRI can non-invasively detect and assess the renal hypoxia in diabetes. Our findings suggest that hypoxia in medulla is more apparent and earlier than in cortex. During the progression of DN, a reversion of corticomedullary oxygenation gradient can be detected, thus, MCR would be adopted to suppose the progression and prognosis of DN.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Biopsy
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / metabolism*
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / pathology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kidney Function Tests
  • Linear Models
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oxygen / blood*

Substances

  • Oxygen