Clinical profile of diabetes in the young seen between 1992 and 2009 at a specialist diabetes centre in south India

Prim Care Diabetes. 2011 Dec;5(4):223-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2011.04.003. Epub 2011 May 23.

Abstract

Aim: To describe the trends and clinical profile of young diabetic patients (YD) attending a tertiary diabetes centre in south India.

Methods: We reviewed medical records of 2630 YD patients (age at onset ≤25 years) registered between 1992 and 2009. Patients were classified as type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and other types. Retinopathy was assessed initially by direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and later by retinal photography, nephropathy if urine protein excretion was >500 mg/day, neuropathy if vibration perception threshold on biothesiometry was ≥20 V.

Results: The percentage of YD patients rose from 0.55% in 1992 to 2.5% in 2009 (trend chi square, 15.1, p<0.001). Of the 2630 YD subjects registered, 1135 (43.2%) had T1DM, 1262 (48.0%) had T2DM, 118 (4.5%) had GDM and 115 (4.4%) other types. T1DM patients were younger, had lower body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and less family history of diabetes compared to T2DM (p<0.001 for each). Retinopathy was seen in 71.9% and 77.3% nephropathy in 22.1% and 12.1% and neuropathy in 34.5% and 21.4% of T2DM and T1DM respectively in those with ≥15 years duration of diabetes.

Conclusions: The percentage of YD in south India is increasing, predominantly due to early onset T2DM.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age of Onset
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Child
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / epidemiology*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology*
  • Diabetes, Gestational / diagnosis
  • Diabetes, Gestational / epidemiology*
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / epidemiology
  • Diabetic Neuropathies / epidemiology
  • Diabetic Retinopathy / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • India / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Pregnancy
  • Prevalence
  • Registries
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Young Adult