Objective: To study the correlation factors of acute paraquat intoxication prognosis.
Methods: The early paraquat concentration in plasma and urine, leukocyte count, hepatic and renal function, amylase, electrolyte and the parameters of arterial blood gas were analyzed retrospectively in 111 patients with acute paraquat intoxication.
Results: 43 cases (38.7%) of all the 111 patients survived and the other 68 cases (61.3%) died. The patient, whose paraquat concentration was not more than 8.0 µg/ml in plasma and 276.0 µg/ml in urine, could survive. But some patients could die, only if there was no paraquat found in plasma. The paraquat levels in plasma and urine were significantly lower in survivors [(0.82 ± 1.70), (28.12 ± 51.17) µg/ml] than in nonsurvivors [(9.32 ± 12.04), (384.53 ± 597.93) µg/ml, respectively] (P < 0.01). The levels of leukocyte count, serum creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and amylase were significantly higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In addition, metabolic acidosis was easier to appear in nonsurvivors. The multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the paraquat concentration in plasma and urine, leukocyte count, creatinine and base excess were all related to survival.
Conclusion: The higher paraquat concentration in plasma and urine, leucocytosis, renal dysfunction and metabolic acidosis are all important factors for the prognosis of paraquat intoxication.