Measurement of free Cu ion activity in seawater using a passive-equilibrium sonic-assisted free ion recorder (SAFIR)

Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Jul 1;45(13):5660-7. doi: 10.1021/es200367e. Epub 2011 Jun 1.

Abstract

A passive equilibrium probe, sonic-assisted free ion recorder (SAFIR), was recently developed to monitor free Cu ion activity ({Cu(2+)}) in aquatic environments. The SAFIR is user-friendly and can be deployed on-site to record the ambient {Cu(2+)} in an accurate and fast manner. It consists of a chemically modified polystyrene disk (Primaria disk) containing metal ion-binding functional groups, coupled with a sonic horn in a flow-through cell. The calibration of the disk was successfully conducted in metal-ion buffered seawater solutions (pH 8.2, salinity = 32) with {Cu(2+)} ranging from 10(-9.0) to 10(-15.0) mol/L. The Cu adsorbed on the surface of the Primaria disk (Cu(ads)) correlated linearly with the ambient {Cu(2+)} through a Frendlich equilibrium adsorption model. The adsorption process was kinetically enhanced by the introduction of ultrasound, allowing equilibrium between the SAFIR and the ambient {Cu(2+)} in 10 min. The SAFIR was deployed in several coastal regions, and the {Cu(2+)} recorded by SAFIR were in good agreement with the results obtained from corresponding electrochemical analysis.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Copper / analysis*
  • Environmental Monitoring / instrumentation
  • Environmental Monitoring / methods*
  • Massachusetts
  • Seawater / analysis*
  • Water Pollutants / analysis*

Substances

  • Water Pollutants
  • Copper