Thioredoxin in allergic inflammation

Abstract

Thioredoxin (TRX) is a redox-active protein that regulates reactive oxidative metabolism and plays a crucial role in the antioxidant system in regulating the reduction/oxidation balance by scavenging reactive oxygen species, which is implicated in the mechanism of asthma. As for the mechanisms by which TRX exerts its beneficial effects, some studies have shown that TRX suppresses allergic inflammation in animal models of asthma. Recently, we reported that TRX directly modulated the chemotaxis of eosinophils, which have been shown to play a pivotal role in the mechanism of allergic airway inflammation, in the absence of T helper (Th)1 or Th2 cytokines. Further, serum TRX levels in patients with asthma were significantly increased in patients with attacks compared with those in the asymptomatic period. This review focuses on TRX in allergic reactions and discusses the physiological role of TRX.