A combination of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and 6-aminonicotinamide induces oxidative stress mediated selective radiosensitization of malignant cells via mitochondrial dysfunction

Tumour Biol. 2011 Oct;32(5):951-64. doi: 10.1007/s13277-011-0197-y. Epub 2011 Jun 10.

Abstract

Oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction is known to induce intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Previously, we have shown that a combination of metabolic modifiers 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and 6-aminonicotinamide (6-AN) results in oxidative stress-mediated radiosensitization of malignant cells via noncoordinated expression of antioxidant defense. We now show that the combination (2-DG + 6-AN + 2Gy) induces significant alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative damage to lipid and proteins selectively in malignant cells resulting in the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio stimulating intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, besides enhancing the mitotic death linked to cytogenetic damage. These results highlight the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in selective radiosensitization by 2-DG + 6-AN, besides inhibition of energy-linked DNA repair processes and generation of oxidative stress reported earlier.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 6-Aminonicotinamide / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Apoptosis / radiation effects
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Deoxyglucose / pharmacology*
  • Gamma Rays / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / drug effects
  • Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / radiation effects
  • Mitochondria / drug effects*
  • Mitochondria / radiation effects
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Oxidative Stress / radiation effects
  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
  • 6-Aminonicotinamide
  • Deoxyglucose