Cytologic and colposcopic findings 3, 6 and 12 months after laser treatment of cervical condyloma or intraepithelial neoplasia have been studied. Cytologic features of Papillomavirus infection were evidenced in 28 cases by cytology but only in 12 by colposcopy. The cytologic most frequent feature was parakeratosis without clear koilocytosis. One year after laser treatment, cytology and colposcopy showed features of papillomavirus infection in only seven cases. Thus, spontaneous regression of colposcopically detected lesions occurred in five cases. In 16 cases, the parakeratosis detected on the first smear seem to represent healing and tissue maturation more than the persistence of HPV infection.