Local constraints in either the GluN1 or GluN2 subunit equally impair NMDA receptor pore opening

J Gen Physiol. 2011 Aug;138(2):179-94. doi: 10.1085/jgp.201110623. Epub 2011 Jul 11.

Abstract

The defining functional feature of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors is activation gating, the energetic coupling of ligand binding into opening of the associated ion channel pore. NMDA receptors are obligate heterotetramers typically composed of glycine-binding GluN1 and glutamate-binding GluN2 subunits that gate in a concerted fashion, requiring all four ligands to bind for subsequent opening of the channel pore. In an individual subunit, the extracellular ligand-binding domain, composed of discontinuous polypeptide segments S1 and S2, and the transmembrane channel-forming domain, composed of M1-M4 segments, are connected by three linkers: S1-M1, M3-S2, and S2-M4. To study subunit-specific events during pore opening in NMDA receptors, we impaired activation gating via intrasubunit disulfide bonds connecting the M3-S2 and S2-M4 in either the GluN1 or GluN2A subunit, thereby interfering with the movement of the M3 segment, the major pore-lining and channel-gating element. NMDA receptors with gating impairments in either the GluN1 or GluN2A subunit were dramatically resistant to channel opening, but when they did open, they showed only a single-conductance level indistinguishable from wild type. Importantly, the late gating steps comprising pore opening to its main long-duration open state were equivalently affected regardless of which subunit was constrained. Thus, the NMDA receptor ion channel undergoes a pore-opening mechanism in which the intrasubunit conformational dynamics at the level of the ligand-binding/transmembrane domain (TMD) linkers are tightly coupled across the four subunits. Our results further indicate that conformational freedom of the linkers between the ligand-binding and TMDs is critical to the activation gating process.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Binding Sites
  • Dizocilpine Maleate / pharmacology
  • Glutamic Acid / chemistry
  • Glycine / chemistry
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Ion Channel Gating / physiology*
  • Ligands
  • Models, Molecular
  • Oocytes / metabolism
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Protein Subunits
  • Rats
  • Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / chemistry*
  • Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / metabolism*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Xenopus

Substances

  • Ligands
  • Protein Subunits
  • Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
  • Glutamic Acid
  • Dizocilpine Maleate
  • Glycine