Predictors of heart-focused anxiety in patients undergoing genetic investigation and counseling of long QT syndrome or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a one year follow-up

J Genet Couns. 2012 Feb;21(1):72-84. doi: 10.1007/s10897-011-9393-6. Epub 2011 Jul 20.

Abstract

Since Long QT syndrome and Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are inherited cardiac disorders that may cause syncope, palpitations, serious arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death, at-risk individuals may experience heart-focused anxiety. In a prospective multi-site study, 126 Norwegian patients attending genetic counseling were followed 1 year with multiple administration of questionnaires, including the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire, measuring three distinct symptoms of heart-focused anxiety- avoidance, attention, and fear-in mixed linear analyses. Overall, at 1-year follow-up, patients with clinical diagnosis as compared to patients at genetic risk had significantly higher scores of avoidance (p < .002), attention (p < .005), and fear (p < .007). Sudden cardiac death in close relatives, uncertainty whether other relatives previously had undergone genetic testing, patients' perceived general health, self-efficacy expectations and procedural satisfaction with genetic counseling were influential in predicting the different symptoms of heart-focused anxiety over time.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anxiety / complications
  • Anxiety / psychology*
  • Attitude to Health*
  • Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / complications
  • Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / genetics
  • Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / psychology*
  • Death, Sudden, Cardiac
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Genetic Counseling / psychology*
  • Genetic Testing / methods*
  • Health Status
  • Humans
  • Long QT Syndrome / complications
  • Long QT Syndrome / genetics
  • Long QT Syndrome / psychology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Norway
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires