During their recovery, special populations of alcoholics and addicts have need for both (1) involvement with their own special social identity groups and (2) involvement with others broadly representative of the communities in which they will live and function. Self-help groups and treatment institutions in the societal mainstream have often neglected special populations and their special needs. Family education, support and therapy is especially important to many patients from these special populations. Obstacles to treatment for these special groups are described, along with strategies for overcoming these obstacles.