Effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to reverse biopsy-proven parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in adults

Clin Nutr. 2012 Apr;31(2):217-23. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2011.10.001. Epub 2011 Oct 27.

Abstract

Background & aims: Parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD) complicates the treatment of patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). Some studies have shown omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) have favorable effects in treating PNALD in children. We, therefore, investigate the effects of ω-3 PUFAs supplemented intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) on PNALD in adults.

Methods: We performed an open-labeled study of a ω-3 PUFAs based ILE in 15 adults with SBS who developed cholestasis while receiving soybean oil-based ILE. Liver biopsies were performed before and after the initiation of ω-3 PUFAs to confirm the presence and improvement of cholestasis. Blood samples were collected every week for analysis of fatty acid composition and liver function.

Results: 12 of the 15 patients had their direct bilirubin normalized within 4 weeks and our data demonstrated a significant decrease in both DB (P ≤ 0.001) and TB (P ≤ 0.001) after 4 weeks compared to baseline. There were ameliorations of liver function and fatty acid patterns in all patients and serial liver biopsy specimens showed progressive histologic improvement.

Conclusions: Parenteral ω-3 PUFAs supplemented fat emulsions are safe and effective in the treatment of PNALD in adults.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Bilirubin / blood
  • Biopsy
  • Cholestasis / complications
  • Cholestasis / drug therapy
  • Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / administration & dosage
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / administration & dosage*
  • Female
  • Fish Oils / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Liver / pathology*
  • Liver Diseases / complications
  • Liver Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Liver Function Tests
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Parenteral Nutrition / adverse effects*
  • Short Bowel Syndrome / complications
  • Short Bowel Syndrome / drug therapy
  • Soybean Oil / administration & dosage
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Fat Emulsions, Intravenous
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3
  • Fish Oils
  • Soybean Oil
  • Bilirubin