Dynamic assessment of word learning skills: identifying language impairment in bilingual children

Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 2012 Jan;43(1):81-96. doi: 10.1044/0161-1461(2011/10-0095). Epub 2011 Nov 3.

Abstract

Purpose: Bilingual children are often diagnosed with language impairment, although they may simply have fewer opportunities to learn English than English-speaking monolingual children. This study examined whether dynamic assessment (DA) of word learning skills is an effective method for identifying bilingual children with primary language impairment (PLI).

Method: Fifteen 4- and 5-year-old predominantly Spanish-speaking children with typical language development (TLD) and 13 with PLI each participated in a 30- to 40-min session of DA of word learning skills following a pretest-teach-posttest design.

Results: Results indicated that TLD children made associations between the phonological and semantic representations of the new words faster than children with PLI did, showing greater modifiability. Further, a combination of word learning in the receptive modality and the Learning Strategies Checklist (Lidz, 1991; Peña, 1993) provided the best accuracy in identifying PLI in these children.

Conclusion: Findings suggest that a brief DA is a promising method for accurately differentiating children with TLD from children with PLI.

MeSH terms

  • Child Language*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Language Development
  • Language Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Language Tests
  • Learning
  • Male
  • Multilingualism*
  • Speech Production Measurement