Evaluation of compressive strength in the first premolars between young and elderly people: ex vivo study

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluated the compressive strength of first maxillary premolars from young and elderly people.

Background: Findings have revealed that changes happening on dental structure lead to a higher susceptibility of tooth fracture.

Materials and methods: Thirty teeth were divided into four groups as follows: G I (n = 7) premolars of elderly patients with fused roots, G II (n = 8) premolars of elderly with separate roots, G III (n = 7) pre-molars of young people with fused roots and G IV (n = 8) premolars of young people with roots separated. The roots were placed in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cylinder and embedded in acrylic resin. Afterward, the samples were subjected to fracture by compressive strength in a universal testing machine. Loads were applied in continuous and progressive speed of 0.5 mm/min until the moment of fracture. The values found underwent statistical analysis (ANOVA α = 0.05).

Results: With regard to age, there was a statistical difference, the teeth of the elderly being more susceptible to fracture (p < 0.05). With regard to root morphology, no significant differences between both groups were observed (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: It was concluded that with the methodology employed, the age factor was important with regard to fracture resistance to compression.