Monosensitization and polysensitization in allergic rhinitis

Eur J Intern Med. 2011 Dec;22(6):e75-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2011.05.009. Epub 2011 Jun 8.

Abstract

Background: Polysensitization is common in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and may affect clinical feature. However, there are patients who remain monosensitized.

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed at evaluating a large cohort of AR patients to define the percentage and the features of mono- and poly-sensitized subjects.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study included a large group of AR patients: 2415 subjects (1958 males, mean age 24.6 ± 5 years) were consecutively evaluated. Symptom severity, type and number of sensitizations, and AR duration were considered.

Results: 621 patients (25.7%) were monosensitized: 377 to Parietaria, 194 to house dust mites, 19 to birch, 17 to grasses, 12 to molds, 2 to olive, and 1 to cypress. There was no difference between mono- and polysensitized patients concerning the duration of rhinitis (6 ± 2.14 years vs 6 ± 3.7). Severity of symptoms was higher in polysensitized patients than in monosensitized (p<0.05); in addition, there was a difference among monosensitized patients: Parietaria-allergy induces the most severe symptoms.

Conclusion: This study conducted in a large AR population might suggest that monosensitized and polysensitized AR patients could constitute two different categories. In addition, the specific type of allergy may condition the clinical feature.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Allergens / immunology*
  • Animals
  • Asthma / immunology
  • Betula / immunology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Cupressus / immunology
  • Female
  • Fungi / immunology
  • Humans
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Olea / immunology
  • Parietaria / immunology
  • Poaceae / immunology
  • Pyroglyphidae / immunology
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / epidemiology*
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / immunology*
  • Severity of Illness Index*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Allergens