Exploiting salivary miR-31 as a clinical biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Head Neck. 2012 Feb;34(2):219-24. doi: 10.1002/hed.21713. Epub 2011 Apr 15.

Abstract

Background: Oral carcinoma is an important malignancy throughout the world. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously expressed, non-coding RNAs that regulate post-transcriptional levels of targeted mRNAs. MiRNA-31(miR-31) is significantly upregulated in oral carcinoma tissues and plays oncogenic roles in oral carcinogenesis.

Methods: We analyzed the levels of miR-31 in saliva of patients with oral carcinoma (n = 45), oral verrucous leukoplakia (n = 10), and control healthy individuals (n = 24) by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Results: Salivary miR-31 was significantly increased in patients with oral carcinoma at all clinical stages, including very small tumors. However, our preliminary analysis showed no increase of salivary miR-31 in patients with oral verrucous leukoplakia relative to controls. The miR-31 was more abundant in saliva than in plasma, suggesting salivary miR-31 was a more sensitive marker for oral malignancy. After excision of oral carcinoma, salivary miR-31 was remarkably reduced, indicating that most of the upregulated salivary miR-31 came from tumor tissues.

Conclusion: Our results point to a potential application of salivary miR-31 as a biomarker for early detection and postoperative follow-up of oral carcinoma.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Leukoplakia, Oral / metabolism*
  • Male
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism*
  • Middle Aged
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Saliva / chemistry
  • Saliva / metabolism*
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
  • Up-Regulation / physiology

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • MIRN31 microRNA, human
  • MicroRNAs