Background: Surgical reconstruction of peri-implant defects is challenging and unpredictable due to, for example, the extent of the bone defect or the osteogenic potential of adjunctive materials used.
Purpose: To study the healing capacity of a new bone xenograft material in the treatment of peri-implant defects.
Material and methods: In three cases with advanced peri-implant defects, flap surgery was performed. After thorough debridement including cleaning of the exposed implant surface, prehydrated and collagenated porcine bone (PCPB) particles were placed into the defect. A bioresorbable collagen barrier was adapted and placed over the defect and the flaps were relocated. After 6 and 12 months of healing, clinical and radiographic examinations were done. In one case, the surgical procedure was repeated 6 months postoperatively. One year after the second surgery, a bone biopsy was harvested and analyzed with histology.
Results: All defects healed uneventfully. At 6 months, probing depths were reduced by 3-4 mm with no bleeding on probing or pus formation. At 12 months, healthy peri-implant conditions were found. Intra-oral radiographs showed gain of the marginal bone level by 2-4 mm. In the case where reconstructive surgery was repeated, histology showed osteoconductive properties as bone formation with typical osteoblastic seams was observed directly on the surface of the grafted particles.
Conclusion: The presented cases show that PCPB have favorable properties enhancing bone regeneration in peri-implant bone defects.
Keywords: bone substitute; peri-implantitis; xenogeneic bone; xenograft.
© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.