Interleukin 32 (IL-32) contains a typical α-helix bundle structure that resembles focal adhesion targeting region of focal adhesion kinase-1

J Biol Chem. 2012 Feb 17;287(8):5733-43. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.288290. Epub 2011 Dec 27.

Abstract

IL-32 can be expressed in several isoforms. The amino acid sequences of the major IL-32 isoforms were used to predict the secondary and tertiary protein structure by I-TASSER software. The secondary protein structure revealed coils and α-helixes, but no β sheets. Furthermore, IL-32 contains an RGD motif, which potentially activates procaspase-3 intracellular and or binds to integrins. Mutation of the RGD motif did not result in inhibition of the IL-32β- or IL-32γ-induced cytotoxicity mediated through caspase-3. Although IL-32α interacted with the extracellular part of αVβ3 and αVβ6 integrins, only the αVβ3 binding was inhibited by small RGD peptides. Additionally, IL-32β was able to bind to αVβ3 integrins, whereas this binding was not inhibited by small RGD peptides. In addition to the IL-32/integrin interactions, we observed that IL-32 is also able to interact with intracellular proteins that are involved in integrin and focal adhesion signaling. Modeling of IL-32 revealed a distinct α-helix protein resembling the focal adhesion targeting region of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Inhibition of FAK resulted in modulation of the IL-32β- or IL-32γ-induced cytotoxicity. Interestingly, IL-32α binds to paxillin without the RGD motif being involved. Finally, FAK inhibited IL-32α/paxillin binding, whereas FAK also could interact with IL-32α, demonstrating that IL-32 is a member of the focal adhesion protein complex. This study demonstrates for the first time that IL-32 binds to the extracellular domain of integrins and to intracellular proteins like paxillin and FAK, suggesting a dual role for IL-32 in integrin signaling.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Motifs
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / metabolism
  • Caspase 3 / metabolism
  • Cell Death / drug effects
  • Computational Biology
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 / metabolism*
  • Focal Adhesions / drug effects
  • Focal Adhesions / metabolism*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Integrin alphaVbeta3 / metabolism
  • Integrins / metabolism
  • Interleukins / chemistry*
  • Interleukins / genetics
  • Interleukins / metabolism*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutation
  • Oligopeptides / pharmacology
  • Paxillin / metabolism
  • Protein Isoforms / chemistry
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / metabolism
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Software

Substances

  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • IL32 protein, human
  • Integrin alphaVbeta3
  • Integrins
  • Interleukins
  • Oligopeptides
  • Paxillin
  • Protein Isoforms
  • integrin alphavbeta6
  • arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid
  • Focal Adhesion Kinase 1
  • Caspase 3