Complete duplication of collecting system in a horseshoe kidney presenting with recurrent urinary tract infections: report of an exceedingly rare congenital anomaly and review of literature

Abstract

We report the fifth case in the English literature of a horseshoe kidney with a complete ureteral duplication. Our case is unique in that the previous four cases occurred in the presence of a ureterocele, whereas our patient lacked this anomaly. Further, our patient was managed conservatively, whereas the previous four patients were managed with surgery.