Abstract
The small ruminant lentiviruses include the prototype for the genus, visna-maedi virus (VMV) as well as caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). Infection of sheep or goats with these viruses causes slow, progressive, inflammatory pathology in many tissues, but the most common clinical signs result from pathology in the lung, mammary gland, central nervous system and joints. This review examines replication, immunity to and pathogenesis of these viruses and highlights major differences from and similarities to some of the other lentiviruses.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antigens, Viral / immunology
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Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine / immunology
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Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine / pathogenicity*
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Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine / physiology
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CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
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CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / virology
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Dendritic Cells / immunology
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Dendritic Cells / virology
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Immunity, Cellular
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Lentivirus Infections / immunology
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Lentivirus Infections / veterinary*
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Lentivirus Infections / virology
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Macrophage Activation
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Macrophages / immunology
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Macrophages / virology
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Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep / immunology*
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Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep / virology
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Ruminants / immunology
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Ruminants / virology*
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Sheep / immunology
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Sheep / virology
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Vaccination / veterinary
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Virus Replication
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Visna-maedi virus / immunology
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Visna-maedi virus / pathogenicity*
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Visna-maedi virus / physiology