Lysophosphatidylinositol signalling: new wine from an old bottle

Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Apr;1821(4):694-705. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.01.009. Epub 2012 Jan 20.

Abstract

Lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) is a bioactive lipid generated by phospholipase A2 which is believed to play an important role in several diseases. Indeed LPI can affect various functions such as cell growth, differentiation and motility, in a number of cell-types, including cancer cells, endothelial cells and nervous cells. Despite the fact that LPI-induced cellular functions had been known for more than twenty years, the recent discovery that in several cell-types the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR55 acts as the specific receptor for LPI has fuelled novel interest in this lysolipid. Different research groups, including our own, have recently suggested that LPI may be the specific and functional ligand for GPR55, triggering signalling cascades that are relevant to cell proliferation, migration, survival and tumourigenesis. Recently published data suggest that the LPI/GPR55 axis plays an important role in different physiological and pathological contexts. Here we review the available data supporting the role of LPI in cell signalling and the pharmacology of its putative receptor GPR55.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Movement
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Humans
  • Lysophospholipids / metabolism*
  • Models, Biological
  • Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Receptors, Cannabinoid
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction*

Substances

  • GPR55 protein, human
  • Lysophospholipids
  • Receptors, Cannabinoid
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
  • lysophosphatidylinositol