Synaptic pathology of Down syndrome

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2012:970:451-68. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-0932-8_20.

Abstract

Down syndrome is characterized by mild to moderate cognitive impairments that are caused by trisomy of chromosome 21. Several anatomical, behavioral, electrophysiological, and developmental abnormalities have been associated with Down syndrome. In this review, the current knowledge about the neurobiology of this disease and future perspectives of pharmacological treatments for this condition will be discussed.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Down Syndrome / drug therapy
  • Down Syndrome / genetics
  • Down Syndrome / physiopathology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation*
  • Hippocampus / metabolism*
  • Hippocampus / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Long-Term Potentiation
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy*
  • N-Methylaspartate / metabolism
  • Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / metabolism
  • Synapses / genetics
  • Synapses / metabolism*
  • Synaptic Transmission / genetics*
  • Trisomy / genetics
  • Trisomy / physiopathology

Substances

  • Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
  • N-Methylaspartate