Strength testing of the human olfactory nerve at the frontal skull base

Neurosurg Rev. 2012 Oct;35(4):555-60; discussion 560-1. doi: 10.1007/s10143-012-0378-1. Epub 2012 Mar 8.

Abstract

Olfactory dysfunction may influence the quality of life tremendously. This study investigated the strength of the human olfactory nerve at the frontal skull base using cadavers. A total of 180 olfactory nerves were examined in 90 human cadaveric heads. The cut edges of the olfactory nerves were pulled until they were pulled out from the skull base. In the first set of 30 cases, each right olfactory nerve was pulled 0° laterally and 0° upward, and each left olfactory nerve was pulled 0° laterally and 15° upward. In the second set of 30 cases, each right olfactory nerve was pulled 0° laterally and 15° upward, and each left olfactory nerve was pulled 15° laterally and 15° upward. In the third set of 30 cases, each right olfactory nerve was pulled 15° laterally and 15° upward, and each left olfactory nerve was pulled 30° laterally and 15° upward. The strength of the olfactory nerve was measured when pulled in each direction. There was no significant difference in the strength of the olfactory nerves when pulling them in the postero-upward direction between 0° and 15° upward. The strengths of the olfactory nerves when pulling them in the postero-lateral direction 0° and 15° laterally were 3.14±1.87 and 4.05±1.70 g (mean ± standard deviation [SD]), respectively; the difference was almost significant. The olfactory nerve could be pulled more laterally than posteriorly because the retraction force is absorbed by the lateral wall of the olfactory fossa.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomechanical Phenomena
  • Cadaver
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Microsurgery
  • Middle Aged
  • Olfaction Disorders / etiology
  • Olfaction Disorders / prevention & control
  • Olfactory Nerve / anatomy & histology
  • Olfactory Nerve / physiology*
  • Olfactory Nerve Injuries / etiology
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control
  • Skull Base / anatomy & histology
  • Skull Base / physiology*
  • Young Adult