We fabricated a solar cell using a hybrid film consisting of CdS nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanobelts, which were synthesized via a modified alkaline hydrothermal method. The hybrid film is flexible and contains homogeneous CdS nanoparticle light absorbers. Furthermore, the type II heterostructure of CdS/TiO2 facilitates charge separation in the CdS nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanobelts. The solar cell demonstrated a light-electricity power conversion efficiency of 2.52%. Next, we deposited the CdS nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanobelts onto a ZnO nanowire array forming an antireflective hybrid structure. The power conversion efficiency of the cell with the hybrid photoanode reached 2.84%.