Bidirectional attack on the actin cytoskeleton. Bacterial protein toxins causing polymerization or depolymerization of actin

Klaus Aktories; Carsten Schwan; Panagiotis Papatheodorou; Alexander E Lang

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.04.338

Bidirectional attack on the actin cytoskeleton. Bacterial protein toxins causing polymerization or depolymerization of actin

Toxicon. 2012 Sep 15;60(4):572-81. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.04.338. Epub 2012 Apr 19.

Authors

Klaus Aktories¹, Carsten Schwan, Panagiotis Papatheodorou, Alexander E Lang

Affiliation

¹ Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 25, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. klaus.aktories@pharmakol.uni-freiburg.de

PMID: 22543189
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.04.338

Abstract

The actin cytoskeleton is one of the major targets of bacterial protein toxins. The family of binary actin-ADP-ribosylating toxins, including Clostridium difficile transferase CDT, Clostridium perfringens iota toxin and Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin, modifies arginine-177 of actin. Thereby actin polymerization is blocked. By contrast, actin polymerization is facilitated by the tripartite Photorhabdus luminescens toxin complex including TccC3, which modifies actin at threonine-148. The review discusses both toxin families in respect to recent findings.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

ADP Ribose Transferases / chemistry
ADP Ribose Transferases / metabolism
Actin Cytoskeleton / chemistry*
Arginine / chemistry
Bacterial Toxins / chemistry*
Bacterial Toxins / metabolism
Botulinum Toxins / chemistry
Botulinum Toxins / metabolism
Clostridioides difficile / metabolism*
Photorhabdus / metabolism*
Polymerization
Protein Conformation
Transferases / chemistry
Transferases / metabolism

Substances

Bacterial Toxins
iota toxin, Clostridium perfringens
Arginine
Transferases
ADP Ribose Transferases
Botulinum Toxins
botulinum toxin type C