Fluorescence-based reporter for gauging cyclic di-GMP levels in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Aug;78(15):5060-9. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00414-12. Epub 2012 May 11.

Abstract

The increased tolerance toward the host immune system and antibiotics displayed by biofilm-forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other bacteria in chronic infections such as cystic fibrosis bronchopneumonia is of major concern. Targeting of biofilm formation is believed to be a key aspect in the development of novel antipathogenic drugs that can augment the effect of classic antibiotics by decreasing antimicrobial tolerance. The second messenger cyclic di-GMP is a positive regulator of biofilm formation, and cyclic di-GMP signaling is now regarded as a potential target for the development of antipathogenic compounds. Here we describe the development of fluorescent monitors that can gauge the cellular level of cyclic di-GMP in P. aeruginosa. We have created cyclic di-GMP level reporters by transcriptionally fusing the cyclic di-GMP-responsive cdrA promoter to genes encoding green fluorescent protein. We show that the reporter constructs give a fluorescent readout of the intracellular level of cyclic di-GMP in P. aeruginosa strains with different levels of cyclic di-GMP. Furthermore, we show that the reporters are able to detect increased turnover of cyclic di-GMP mediated by treatment of P. aeruginosa with the phosphodiesterase inducer nitric oxide. Considering that biofilm formation is a necessity for the subsequent development of a chronic infection and therefore a pathogenicity trait, the reporters display a significant potential for use in the identification of novel antipathogenic compounds targeting cyclic di-GMP signaling, as well as for use in research aiming at understanding the biofilm biology of P. aeruginosa.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adhesins, Bacterial / genetics
  • Biofilms*
  • Cyclic GMP / analysis*
  • Fluorescence*
  • Genes, Reporter / genetics*
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins / genetics
  • Plasmids / genetics
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa / chemistry*

Substances

  • Adhesins, Bacterial
  • CdrA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins
  • Cyclic GMP