Staphylococcus aureus is the most pathogenic bacterium and the most common cause of osteomyelitis, affecting 50% to 70% of cases. Many antistaphylococcal agents with varying activity against methicillin-susceptible S aureus and methicillin-resistant S aureus are available in the US market. This article reviews the most common antistaphylococcal agents used in the treatment of bone and joint infections in adult patients and focuses on the antimicrobial agent's mechanism of action, US Food and Drug Administration-approved indications, place in therapy, monitoring parameters, and common side effects.
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