Hypertension is highly prevalent among African individuals and descendants, and in this ethnic group, asleep blood pressure is strongly associated with target organ damage. After its execution, a single bout of resistance exercise may decrease blood pressure in white individuals, but its effects are unknown in Africans. This study investigated the effects of a bout of resistance exercise, conducted in accordance with the 2007 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, on postexercise blood pressure in African subjects. Twenty-four Mozambican men (40 ± 2 years) underwent, in a random order, 2 experimental sessions: control (sitting resting) and exercise [8 resistance exercises, 1 set, 10-15 repetitions, 30-40% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) for upper-body muscles and 50-60% of 1RM for lower-body muscles]. Before and after the interventions, clinic blood pressure was measured. Ambulatory blood pressure was also evaluated after both sessions. Clinic systolic blood pressure did not change after both interventions, whereas diastolic blood pressure increased significantly and similarly after the control and the exercise sessions. Twenty-four-hour (127 ± 3 mm Hg vs. 130 ± 3 mm Hg and 78 ± 2 mm Hg vs. 81 ± 2 mm Hg, respectively, p < 0.05) and asleep (119 ± 4 mm Hg vs. 123 ± 4 mm Hg and 69 ± 3 mm Hg vs. 72 ± 3 mm Hg, respectively, p < 0.05) systolic and diastolic blood pressures were lower after the exercise than in the control session. These results show that in African men, a single bout of resistance exercise, conducted in accordance with 2007 AHA guidelines, decreased 24-hour and asleep blood pressures. These reductions might represent an important benefit for African individuals and descendants among whom target organ damage is mainly associated with ambulatory blood pressure levels.