Oxytocin interference in the effects induced by inhalation of 7.5% CO(2) in healthy volunteers

Hum Psychopharmacol. 2012 Jul;27(4):378-85. doi: 10.1002/hup.2237. Epub 2012 Jun 18.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the acute effect of intranasally administered oxytocin (OT) on subjective states, cardiovascular, and endocrine parameters in healthy volunteers who inhaled 7.5% CO(2) .

Methods: Forty-five subjects were allocated into three matched groups of subjects who received 24 international units (IU) of OT, 2 mg of lorazepam (LZP), or placebo (PL). The challenge consisted of medical air inhalation for 20 min, 10 min of rest, and CO(2) 7.5% inhalation for 20 min. Subjective effects were evaluated by self-assessment scales; heart rate, blood pressure, skin conductance, and salivary cortisol were also measured. Assessments were performed at four time points: (i) baseline (-15 min); (ii) post-air inhalation (90 min); (iii) post-CO(2) inhalation (120 min), and (iv) post-test (160 min).

Results: CO(2) inhalation significantly increased the anxiety score in the PL group compared with the post-air measurement but not in the OT or LZP groups. The LZP reduced anxiety after medical air inhalation. Other parameters evaluated were not affected by OT.

Conclusion: OT, as well as LZP, prevented CO(2) -induced anxiety, suggesting that this hormone has anxiolytic properties.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Inhalation
  • Administration, Intranasal
  • Adult
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / pharmacology*
  • Anxiety / prevention & control*
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects
  • Carbon Dioxide / administration & dosage
  • Carbon Dioxide / adverse effects
  • Heart Rate / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Hydrocortisone / metabolism
  • Lorazepam / administration & dosage
  • Lorazepam / pharmacology*
  • Male
  • Oxytocin / administration & dosage
  • Oxytocin / pharmacology*
  • Saliva / chemistry
  • Single-Blind Method
  • Skin / drug effects
  • Skin / metabolism
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Anti-Anxiety Agents
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Oxytocin
  • Lorazepam
  • Hydrocortisone