Forty-nine torture survivors undergoing treatment between 1 March 1988 and 28 February 1989 at the Rehabilitation and Research Centre for Torture Victims (RCT) in Copenhagen entered a study to assess whether medical doctors had been involved in aspects of their torture. It became clear that the majority had indeed experienced this dimension of medicine. The participation of doctors in torture appears to be real and extensive and raises extremely serious questions as to medical accountability and responsibility.