: The Government of India has established laws to conduct organ transplantation in India. The Transplantation of Human Organ Act and rules in India were promulgated in 1994 and subsequently amended in 2008 and 2011 to promote organ transplantation, including deceased organ donation, commensurate with the highest ethical principles. We have reviewed in brief the origin and evolution of the Transplantation of Human Organ Act in India with the hope that our experience in developing the laws that govern organ transplantation may be of value for others undertaking or overseeing this life-giving advance.