Comparison of random and postaccident urine drug tests in southern Indiana coal miners

J Addict Med. 2012 Dec;6(4):253-7. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0b013e318266a8d5.

Abstract

Background: This study examines the relationship between the use of 9 classes of substances (amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cocaine, marijuana, methadone, opioids, phencyclidine, and propoxyphene) and coal-mining accidents.

Methods: The control sample (n = 215) made up of miners that presented for random urine drug testing. The study sample (n = 100) consists of miners that presented for postaccident urine drug testing. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests of creatinine normalized urine drug levels were conducted to compare the medians of the groups.

Results: The mean drug concentrations were higher in the postaccident group for each drug tested except marijuana. Two-tailed testing demonstrated statistically significant differences for marijuana (P = 0.000), cocaine (P = 0.008), and opiates (P = 0.037).

Conclusions: The study demonstrates statistically significant higher cocaine and opioid concentrations and lower marijuana concentrations in postaccident urine drug tests of coal miners when compared with random tests.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Accidents, Occupational / statistics & numerical data*
  • Coal Mining / statistics & numerical data*
  • Cocaine-Related Disorders / diagnosis
  • Cocaine-Related Disorders / epidemiology
  • Cocaine-Related Disorders / urine
  • Creatinine / urine
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Humans
  • Illicit Drugs* / urine
  • Indiana
  • Marijuana Abuse / diagnosis
  • Marijuana Abuse / epidemiology
  • Marijuana Abuse / urine
  • Mass Screening / statistics & numerical data
  • Opioid-Related Disorders / diagnosis
  • Opioid-Related Disorders / epidemiology
  • Opioid-Related Disorders / urine
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Substance Abuse Detection / methods*
  • Substance Abuse Detection / statistics & numerical data*
  • Substance-Related Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Substance-Related Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Substance-Related Disorders / urine

Substances

  • Illicit Drugs
  • Creatinine