Combination therapy with immune-modulators and moxifloxacin on fulminant macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection: A case report

Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013 May;48(5):519-22. doi: 10.1002/ppul.22650. Epub 2012 Sep 4.

Abstract

This report entails a case of refractory pneumonia with a wild variety of extra-pulmonary manifestations due to macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a 7-year-old boy. The diagnosis was based on isolating M. pneumoniae through cultivation from the patient's bronchial aspirations at admission and the following susceptibility testing. Initial treatments consisting of a combination of azithromycin and standard-dosed methylprednisone (2 mg/kg) were completely nonresponsive and the patient's condition deteriorated rapidly. However, methylprednisone pulse therapy (20 mg/kg for 3 days, tapering within 1 month) and intravenous immunoglobulin (1 g/kg/day, two doses), in addition to moxifloxacin (10 mg/kg for 7 days) were remarkably effective and led to a favorable outcome without any observed side effects during inpatient hospitalization and outpatient follow-up.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Aza Compounds / administration & dosage*
  • Aza Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Child
  • Disease Progression
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Glucocorticoids / administration & dosage*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Methylprednisolone / administration & dosage*
  • Moxifloxacin
  • Pneumonia, Mycoplasma / complications
  • Pneumonia, Mycoplasma / drug therapy*
  • Pulse Therapy, Drug
  • Quinolines / administration & dosage*
  • Quinolines / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Aza Compounds
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Glucocorticoids
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
  • Quinolines
  • Moxifloxacin
  • Methylprednisolone