Visible effects of rapamycin (sirolimus) on human skin explants in vitro

Arch Dermatol Res. 2013 Mar;305(2):163-71. doi: 10.1007/s00403-012-1288-3. Epub 2012 Sep 8.

Abstract

In this manuscript, we report observations of the effects of rapamycin in an organotypic culture of human skin explants. The tissues were cultured for 5 days at the air-liquid interface or in submersed conditions with media with and without rapamycin at 2 nM concentration. Histological analysis of tissue sections indicated that rapamycin-treated samples maintained a better epidermal structure in the upper layers of the tissue than untreated samples, mostly evident when skin was cultured in submersed conditions. A significant decrease in the number of positive proliferative cells using the Ki67 antigen was observed when specimens were treated with rapamycin, in both air-liquid and submersed conditions but apoptosis differences between treated and untreated specimens, as seen by cleaved caspase-3 positive cells, were only observed in submersed specimens. Finally, a decrease and variability in the location in the expression of the differentiation marker involucrin and in E-cadherin were also evident in submersed samples. These results suggest that the development of topical applications containing rapamycin, instead of systemic delivery, may be a useful tool in the treatment of skin diseases that require reduction of proliferation and modulation or control of keratinocyte differentiation.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Topical
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cadherins / metabolism
  • Caspase 3 / metabolism
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Keratinocytes / drug effects*
  • Keratinocytes / pathology
  • Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism
  • Organ Culture Techniques
  • Protein Precursors / metabolism
  • Sirolimus / administration & dosage*
  • Skin / drug effects*
  • Skin / pathology
  • Skin Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Skin Transplantation
  • Tissue Engineering

Substances

  • Cadherins
  • Ki-67 Antigen
  • Protein Precursors
  • involucrin
  • Caspase 3
  • Sirolimus