Strains of Aeromonas species are prevalent bacteria in coastal areas of southern Taiwan. Aeromonad is known as a cause of epidemic diarrheal disease, and the most common clinical manifestation is acute gastroenteritis. Extra-intestinal infections by Aeromonas species, such as pleural cavity, are rare. Herein, we described the six patients who developed Aeromonas spp.-related empyema, and was successfully treated with antimicrobial agent and drainage.