Systemic contact dermatitis to corticosteroids

Allergy. 2012 Dec;67(12):1580-5. doi: 10.1111/all.12041. Epub 2012 Oct 4.

Abstract

Background: Although unexpected and paradoxical, allergic hypersensitivity to corticosteroids is a common finding, delayed-type reactions being much more frequently encountered than the immediate-type ones. Although the skin is the main sensitization and elicitation route, other routes, amongst them systemic administration of corticosteroids may exceptionally be involved.

Objective: To determine the frequency, clinical presentation and cross-reactivity patterns for allergic reactions following systemic administration of corticosteroids amongst patients with identified and investigated 'contact allergy' to corticosteroids.

Methods: We reviewed clinical data, patch test results and sensitization sources in patients who reacted positively to corticosteroids tested in the K.U. Leuven Dermatology department during an 18-year period.

Results: Sixteen subjects (out of 315 with CS delayed-type hypersensitivity) presented with allergic manifestations due to systemic administration of corticosteroids. Most patients reacted to molecules from the three groups of the recently reappraised classification.

Conclusion: The reactions observed seem to be in most cases 'systemic contact dermatitis' due to oral or parenteral re-exposure of sensitized individuals with the respective corticosteroids previously applied topically. Moreover, most patients seem to be able to react to any corticosteroid molecules and therefore need a systematic individualized evaluation of their sensitization/tolerance profile.

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / administration & dosage
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / adverse effects*
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / chemistry
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cross Reactions / immunology
  • Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / diagnosis
  • Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / epidemiology*
  • Drug Eruptions / diagnosis
  • Drug Hypersensitivity / diagnosis
  • Drug Hypersensitivity / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones