Preparation of uniform size molecularly imprinted nanospheres for erythromycin with good selectivity and high binding capacity by precipitation polymerization were presented, in which erythromycin, methacrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate are used as template molecule, functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively. The synthesis conditions of molecularly imprinted nanospheres were optimized and the optimal molar ratio of erythromycin to functional monomer is 1:3. The molecularly imprinted polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analyzer and BET, respectively. The results suggested that molecularly imprinted nanospheres for erythromycin exhibited spherical shape and good monodispersity. Selectivity analysis indicated that the imprinted nanospheres could specifically recognize erythromycin from its structure analogues. Furthermore, adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm of the imprinted nanospheres were employed to investigate the binding characteristics of the imprinted nanospheres. The results showed that the imprinted nanospheres have high adsorption capacity for erythromycin, and the maximum theoretical static binding capacity is up to 267.0188 mg g(-1).