Use of dexmedetomidine to prevent pulmonary injury after pneumoperitoneum in ventilated rats

Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2012 Oct;22(5):447-53. doi: 10.1097/SLE.0b013e31826183df.

Abstract

Purpose: This study examined the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine in preventing lung injury resulting from pneumoperitoneum in a ventilated rat model.

Methods: Animals (n=18) were allocated randomly into 3 groups: control group, no pneumoperitoneum; sham group, pneumoperitoneum with intra-abdominal pressure of 12 mm Hg for 60 minutes; and dexmedetomidine group, dexmedetomidine administration 30 minutes before pneumoperitoneum. The rats were rested for 30 minutes after abdominal deflation. Then, blood samples were obtained for plasma malondialdehyde and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) analyses. Tissue samples were taken for histopathologic examination and malondialdehyde analysis.

Results: Compared with the control group, the sham group had a significantly higher level of plasma IMA. Pretreatment with dexmedetomidine significantly reduced the IMA level. Histopathologically, tissues from sham rats exhibited moderate or severe tissue damage, compared with control tissues. Dexmedetomidine-treated rats showed significantly less tissue damage than sham rats.

Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine prophylaxis resulted in significantly less IMA production and significantly less neutrophil infiltration, thereby helping to protect the lungs from injury after pneumoperitoneum.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / therapeutic use
  • Animals
  • Dexmedetomidine / therapeutic use*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Lung Injury / etiology
  • Lung Injury / prevention & control*
  • Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / adverse effects*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Respiration, Artificial*

Substances

  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists
  • Dexmedetomidine