The Importance of Amino Acid Composition in Natural AMPs: An Evolutional, Structural, and Functional Perspective

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2012.00221

. 2012 Jul 31:3:221.

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00221. eCollection 2012.

The Importance of Amino Acid Composition in Natural AMPs: An Evolutional, Structural, and Functional Perspective

Biswajit Mishra¹, Guangshun Wang

Affiliations

PMID: 23060873
PMCID: PMC3459185
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00221

The Importance of Amino Acid Composition in Natural AMPs: An Evolutional, Structural, and Functional Perspective

Biswajit Mishra et al. Front Immunol. 2012.

. 2012 Jul 31:3:221.

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00221. eCollection 2012.

Authors

Biswajit Mishra¹, Guangshun Wang

Affiliation

¹ Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, NE, USA.

PMID: 23060873
PMCID: PMC3459185
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00221

No abstract available

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Figures

**Figure 1**
**Amino acid composition analysis of natural AMPs based on source (A,B), structure (C), and activity (D)**. **(B)** Shows the arginine percentages of AMPs from different life domains. In each case, the number of peptides included in the bioinformatic analysis is given in parentheses. The solid bars represent the most abundant amino acids in the hydrophobic (I, V, L, F, C, M, A, W), GP (G and P), polar (T, S, Y, Q, N), and charged (E, D, H, K, R) groups. Data were obtained in May 2012 (total peptides: 1973) from http://aps.unmc.edu/AP/main.php by using the search and statistical analysis functions of the APD (Wang et al., 2009).

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References

1. Boman H. G. (2003). Antibacterial peptides: basic facts and emerging concepts. J. Intern. Med. 254, 197–21510.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01228.x - DOI - PubMed
1. Craik D. J., Swedberg J. E., Mylne J. S., Cemazar M. (2012). Cyclotides as a basis for drug design. Expert Opin. Drug Discov. 7, 179–19410.1517/17460441.2012.661554 - DOI - PubMed
1. Hancock R. E. W., Sahl H. (2006). Antimicrobial and host-defense peptides as new anti-infective therapeutic strategies. Nat. Biotechnol. 24, 1551–155710.1038/nbt1267 - DOI - PubMed
1. Henriques S. T., Huang Y. H., Rosengren K. J., Franquelim H. G., Carvalho F. A., Johnson A., Sonza S., Tachedjian G., Castanho M. A., Daly N. L., Craik D. J. (2011). Decoding the membrane activity of the cyclotide kalata B1: the importance of phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipids and lipid organization on hemolytic and anti-HIV activities. J. Biol. Chem. 286, 24231–2424110.1074/jbc.M111.253393 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Menousek J., Mishra B., Hanke M. L., Heim C. E., Kielian T., Wang G. (2012). Database screening and in vivo efficacy of antimicrobial peptides against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 39, 402–40610.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.02.003 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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[1] Boman H. G. (2003). Antibacterial peptides: basic facts and emerging concepts. J. Intern. Med. 254, 197–21510.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01228.x - DOI - PubMed

[2] Boman H. G. (2003). Antibacterial peptides: basic facts and emerging concepts. J. Intern. Med. 254, 197–21510.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01228.x - DOI - PubMed

[3] Craik D. J., Swedberg J. E., Mylne J. S., Cemazar M. (2012). Cyclotides as a basis for drug design. Expert Opin. Drug Discov. 7, 179–19410.1517/17460441.2012.661554 - DOI - PubMed

[4] Craik D. J., Swedberg J. E., Mylne J. S., Cemazar M. (2012). Cyclotides as a basis for drug design. Expert Opin. Drug Discov. 7, 179–19410.1517/17460441.2012.661554 - DOI - PubMed

[5] Hancock R. E. W., Sahl H. (2006). Antimicrobial and host-defense peptides as new anti-infective therapeutic strategies. Nat. Biotechnol. 24, 1551–155710.1038/nbt1267 - DOI - PubMed

[6] Hancock R. E. W., Sahl H. (2006). Antimicrobial and host-defense peptides as new anti-infective therapeutic strategies. Nat. Biotechnol. 24, 1551–155710.1038/nbt1267 - DOI - PubMed

[7] Henriques S. T., Huang Y. H., Rosengren K. J., Franquelim H. G., Carvalho F. A., Johnson A., Sonza S., Tachedjian G., Castanho M. A., Daly N. L., Craik D. J. (2011). Decoding the membrane activity of the cyclotide kalata B1: the importance of phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipids and lipid organization on hemolytic and anti-HIV activities. J. Biol. Chem. 286, 24231–2424110.1074/jbc.M111.253393 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Henriques S. T., Huang Y. H., Rosengren K. J., Franquelim H. G., Carvalho F. A., Johnson A., Sonza S., Tachedjian G., Castanho M. A., Daly N. L., Craik D. J. (2011). Decoding the membrane activity of the cyclotide kalata B1: the importance of phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipids and lipid organization on hemolytic and anti-HIV activities. J. Biol. Chem. 286, 24231–2424110.1074/jbc.M111.253393 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] Menousek J., Mishra B., Hanke M. L., Heim C. E., Kielian T., Wang G. (2012). Database screening and in vivo efficacy of antimicrobial peptides against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 39, 402–40610.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.02.003 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Menousek J., Mishra B., Hanke M. L., Heim C. E., Kielian T., Wang G. (2012). Database screening and in vivo efficacy of antimicrobial peptides against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 39, 402–40610.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.02.003 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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The Importance of Amino Acid Composition in Natural AMPs: An Evolutional, Structural, and Functional Perspective

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The Importance of Amino Acid Composition in Natural AMPs: An Evolutional, Structural, and Functional Perspective

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