Innate immune sensing of HIV-1 by dendritic cells

Cell Host Microbe. 2012 Oct 18;12(4):408-18. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2012.10.002.

Abstract

HIV-1-specific antibodies and CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells are detected in most HIV-1-infected people, yet HIV-1 infection is not eradicated. Contributing to the failure to mount a sterilizing immune response may be the inability of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) to sense HIV-1 during acute infection, and thus the inability to effectively prime naive, HIV-1-specific T cells. Recent findings related to DC-expressed innate immune factors including SAMHD1, TREX1, and TRIM5 provide a molecular basis for understanding why DCs fail to adequately sense invasion by this deadly pathogen and suggest experimental approaches to improve T cell priming to HIV-1 in prophylactic vaccination protocols.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Restriction Factors
  • Carrier Proteins / immunology
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Exodeoxyribonucleases / immunology
  • Exodeoxyribonucleases / metabolism
  • Gene Expression
  • HIV-1 / immunology*
  • Immunity, Innate*
  • Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / immunology
  • Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Phosphoproteins / immunology
  • Phosphoproteins / metabolism
  • SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Tripartite Motif Proteins
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases

Substances

  • Antiviral Restriction Factors
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Phosphoproteins
  • Tripartite Motif Proteins
  • TRIM5 protein, human
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
  • Exodeoxyribonucleases
  • three prime repair exonuclease 1
  • SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1
  • SAMHD1 protein, human
  • Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins