Abstract
HIV-1-specific antibodies and CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells are detected in most HIV-1-infected people, yet HIV-1 infection is not eradicated. Contributing to the failure to mount a sterilizing immune response may be the inability of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) to sense HIV-1 during acute infection, and thus the inability to effectively prime naive, HIV-1-specific T cells. Recent findings related to DC-expressed innate immune factors including SAMHD1, TREX1, and TRIM5 provide a molecular basis for understanding why DCs fail to adequately sense invasion by this deadly pathogen and suggest experimental approaches to improve T cell priming to HIV-1 in prophylactic vaccination protocols.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Antiviral Restriction Factors
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Carrier Proteins / immunology
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Carrier Proteins / metabolism
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Dendritic Cells / immunology*
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Exodeoxyribonucleases / immunology
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Exodeoxyribonucleases / metabolism
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Gene Expression
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HIV-1 / immunology*
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Immunity, Innate*
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Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / immunology
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Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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Phosphoproteins / immunology
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Phosphoproteins / metabolism
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SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1
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T-Lymphocytes / immunology
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Tripartite Motif Proteins
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Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
Substances
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Antiviral Restriction Factors
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Carrier Proteins
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Phosphoproteins
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Tripartite Motif Proteins
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TRIM5 protein, human
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Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
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Exodeoxyribonucleases
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three prime repair exonuclease 1
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SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1
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SAMHD1 protein, human
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Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins