Objective: Multiple stimulatory and inhibitory inputs regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA). Although the results of the previous studies are contradictory, it has been indicated that the carbon monoxide (CO) may play a role in the HPA regulation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of modified endogenous CO production on some aspects of the cold restraint stress (CRS) response in adult male albino rats.
Methods: Modification of the endogenous CO was performed by altering the heme oxygenase (HO) activity; its induction was achieved by administration of the hemin (HEM) and inhibition by administration of the zinc mesoporphyrin (ZM).
Results: We found that in both the non-stressed and stressed groups the HEM significantly decreased the plasma levels of epinephrine (EPI), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (B), cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). On the other hand, ZM significantly increased the adrenal EPI, norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and the plasma levels of EPI, NE, DA, ACTH, B, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, and LDL-C, as compared with control and stressed rats.
Conclusion: The role of CO reaction to the CRS response could be clarified as an anti-stress effect. This is evidenced by the inhibitory effect of HO inducer, HEM, on the HPA axis and a consequent less hazardous metabolic profile which it produced.
Keywords: carbon monoxide, hemin, heme oxygenase, stress.