Stability, transdermal penetration, and cutaneous effects of ascorbic acid and its derivatives

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2012 Dec;11(4):310-7. doi: 10.1111/jocd.12006.

Abstract

Topically applied antioxidants exert their benefits by offering protection from damaging free radicals and over-the-counter cosmeceuticals incorporating antioxidants are among the most popular anti-aging products available. One potent antioxidant of particular note, vitamin C, has been extensively utilized because it possesses a variety of other cutaneous benefits including photoprotection from UV A & B, neocollagenesis, inhibition of melanogenesis and improvement of a variety of inflammatory skin disorders. However, the instability of this water-soluble vitamin, together with difficulties associated with its topical delivery, has presented issues for the formulation chemist. This article reviews the scientific data and clinical studies that underpin the stability, percutaneous absorption, and cutaneous effects of vitamin C together with its commonly utilized, commercially available derivatives.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants / chemistry
  • Antioxidants / pharmacokinetics
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology*
  • Ascorbic Acid / analogs & derivatives
  • Ascorbic Acid / chemistry
  • Ascorbic Acid / pharmacokinetics
  • Ascorbic Acid / pharmacology*
  • Collagen / biosynthesis
  • Dermatologic Agents / chemistry
  • Dermatologic Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Dermatologic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Melanins / biosynthesis
  • Radiation-Protective Agents

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Dermatologic Agents
  • Melanins
  • Radiation-Protective Agents
  • Collagen
  • Ascorbic Acid