LLLT improves tendon healing through increase of MMP activity and collagen synthesis

Lasers Med Sci. 2013 Sep;28(5):1281-8. doi: 10.1007/s10103-012-1236-7. Epub 2012 Nov 21.

Abstract

The Achilles tendon has a high incidence of rupture, and the healing process leads to a disorganized extracellular matrix (ECM) with a high rate of injury recurrence. To evaluate the effects of different conditions of low-level laser (LLL) application on partially tenotomized tendons, adult male rats were divided into the following groups: G1, intact; G2, injured; G3, injured + LLL therapy (LLLT; 4 J/cm(2) continuous); G4, injured + LLLT (4 J/cm(2), 20 Hz); G5, injured; G6, injured + LLLT (4 J/cm(2) continuous); and G7, injured + LLLT (4 J/cm(2), 20 Hz until the 7th day and 2 kHz from 8 to 14 days). G2, G3, and G4 were euthanized 8 days after injury, and G5, G6, and G7 were euthanized on the 15th day. The quantification of hydroxyproline (HOPro) and non-collagenous protein (NCP), zymography for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, and Western blotting (WB) for collagen types I and III were performed. HOPro levels showed a significant decrease in all groups (except G7) when compared with G1. The NCP level increased in all transected groups. WB for collagen type I showed an increase in G4 and G7. For collagen type III, G4 presented a higher value than G2. Zymography for MMP-2 indicated high values in G4 and G7. MMP-9 increased in both treatment groups euthanized at 8 days, especially in G4. Our results indicate that the pulsed LLLT improved the remodeling of the ECM during the healing process in tendons through activation of MMP-2 and stimulation of collagen synthesis.

MeSH terms

  • Achilles Tendon / injuries*
  • Achilles Tendon / metabolism
  • Achilles Tendon / radiation effects
  • Animals
  • Collagen / biosynthesis*
  • Collagen Type I / biosynthesis
  • Collagen Type III / biosynthesis
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Hydroxyproline / metabolism
  • Lasers, Semiconductor / therapeutic use
  • Low-Level Light Therapy*
  • Male
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / metabolism*
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / metabolism*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Rupture / metabolism
  • Rupture / radiotherapy
  • Tendon Injuries / metabolism*
  • Tendon Injuries / radiotherapy*
  • Wound Healing / radiation effects*

Substances

  • Collagen Type I
  • Collagen Type III
  • Collagen
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • Mmp2 protein, rat
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
  • Mmp9 protein, rat
  • Hydroxyproline