The present study examined differences between children and families who complete treatment versus those who terminated prematurely. Children (N = 81, ages 7-13 years) referred to outpatient treatment for severe antisocial behavior and their families participated. It was predicted that families who terminate treatment prematurely would show greater dysfunction in four domains: child severity and breadth of antisocial behavior, maternal stress, maternal psychopathology, and socioeconomic disadvantage. The results indicated that among cases who terminate treatment prematurely children evinced more severe conduct disorder symptoms and more delinquent behaviors; mothers reported greater stress from their relations with the child, their own role functioning, and life events; and families were at greater socioeconomic disadvantage than those who remained in treatment. The implications of the present findings for the design and implementation of treatment of antisocial children and their families are discussed.