Synthesis and evaluation as biodegradable herbicides of halogenated analogs of L-meta-tyrosine

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 Apr;21(7):4861-70. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-1302-5. Epub 2012 Dec 8.

Abstract

L-meta-tyrosine is an herbicidal nonprotein amino acid isolated some years ago from fine fescue grasses and characterized by its almost immediate microbial degradation in soil (half-life <24 h). Nine monohalogenated or dihalogenated analogs of this allelochemical have been obtained through a seven-step stereoselective synthesis from commercial halogenated phenols. Bioassays showed a large range of biological responses, from a growth root inhibition of lettuce seedling similar to that noted with m-tyrosine [2-amino-3-(2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid or compound 8b] to an increase of the primary root growth concomitant with a delay of secondary root initiation [2-amino-3-[2-fluoro-5-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoic acid or compound 8h]. Compound 8b was slightly less degraded than m-tyrosine in the nonsterilized nutritive solution used for lettuce development, while the concentration of compound 8h remained unchanged for at least 2 weeks. These data indicate that it is possible to manipulate both biological properties and degradation of m-tyrosine by halogen addition.

MeSH terms

  • Biodegradation, Environmental
  • Festuca / metabolism
  • Half-Life
  • Halogenation
  • Herbicides / chemical synthesis*
  • Herbicides / chemistry
  • Herbicides / toxicity
  • Lactuca / growth & development
  • Lactuca / metabolism
  • Plant Roots / drug effects
  • Plant Roots / growth & development
  • Soil
  • Soil Microbiology
  • Tyrosine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Tyrosine / analysis
  • Tyrosine / metabolism

Substances

  • Herbicides
  • Soil
  • Tyrosine