Abstract
Immune responses to vaccines require direct recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) on dendritic cells (DCs). Unlike vaccination, infection by a live pathogen often impairs DC function and inflicts additional damage on the host. Here we found that after infection with live influenza A virus, signaling through the interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1R) was required for productive priming of CD8(+) T cells, but signaling through the PRRs TLR7 and RIG-I was not. DCs activated by IL-1 in trans were both required and sufficient for the generation of virus-specific CD8(+) T cell immunity. Our data demonstrate a critical role for a bystander cytokine in the priming of CD8(+) T cells during infection with a live virus.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
MeSH terms
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Animals
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CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
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CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / virology
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Cell Differentiation
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Cell Movement
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Dendritic Cells / immunology*
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Dendritic Cells / metabolism
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Dendritic Cells / virology
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Influenza A virus / immunology*
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Interleukin-1 / immunology
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Lymphocyte Activation
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Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
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Membrane Proteins / metabolism
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mice, Knockout
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Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / metabolism
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Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
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Receptors, CCR7 / biosynthesis
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Receptors, Cell Surface
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Receptors, Interleukin-1 / genetics
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Receptors, Interleukin-1 / metabolism*
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Receptors, Pattern Recognition / immunology
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Receptors, Pattern Recognition / metabolism*
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Signal Transduction
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Toll-Like Receptor 7 / metabolism
Substances
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Ccr7 protein, mouse
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Interleukin-1
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Membrane Glycoproteins
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Membrane Proteins
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Myd88 protein, mouse
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Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
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Nerve Tissue Proteins
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Receptors, CCR7
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Receptors, Cell Surface
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Receptors, Interleukin-1
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Receptors, Pattern Recognition
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Robo3 protein, mouse
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Tlr7 protein, mouse
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Toll-Like Receptor 7