Renin-angiotensin inhibition in diastolic heart failure and chronic kidney disease

Am J Med. 2013 Feb;126(2):150-61. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.06.031.

Abstract

Background: The role of renin-angiotensin inhibition in older patients with diastolic heart failure and chronic kidney disease remains unclear.

Methods: Of the 1340 patients (age ≥65 years) with diastolic heart failure (ejection fraction ≥45%) and chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), 717 received angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Propensity scores for the use of these drugs, estimated for each of the 1340 patients, were used to assemble a cohort of 421 pairs of patients, receiving and not receiving these drugs, who were balanced on 56 baseline characteristics.

Results: During more than 8 years of follow-up, all-cause mortality occurred in 63% and 69% of matched patients with chronic kidney disease receiving and not receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70-0.97; P = .021). There was no association with heart failure hospitalization (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.82-1.18; P = .816). Similar mortality reduction (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66-0.995; P = .045) occurred in a subgroup of matched patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 45 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Among 207 pairs of propensity-matched patients without chronic kidney disease, the use of these drugs was not associated with mortality (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.80-1.33; P = .826) or heart failure hospitalization (HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.76-1.30; P = .946).

Conclusions: A discharge prescription for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality in older patients with diastolic heart failure and chronic kidney disease, including those with more advanced chronic kidney disease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Heart Failure, Diastolic / drug therapy*
  • Heart Failure, Diastolic / mortality
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / drug therapy*
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / mortality
  • Male
  • Renin-Angiotensin System / drug effects*

Substances

  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors