Abstract
A cytotoxin NN-32 (6.7 kDa) from Indian cobra (Naja naja) venom inhibited human leukemic U937 cell growth as observed by Trypan blue dye exclusion method and cytotoxicity was confirmed by MTT assay. NN-32 induced apoptosis of U937 cell and cell cycle arrest of sub-G1 phase were revealed by FACS analysis. Increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, increased caspase 3 and 9 activities, cleaved PARP, decreased VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were observed after NN-32 treatment of U937 cell. Antileukemic activity of NN-32 on U937 cell may be due to activation of apoptosis, arresting cell cycle and antiangiogenesis activities.
Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents / isolation & purification
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
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Apoptosis / drug effects
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Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
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Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
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Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins / isolation & purification
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Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins / pharmacology*
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Cytostatic Agents / isolation & purification
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Cytostatic Agents / pharmacology*
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Elapid Venoms / chemistry*
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Elapidae
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Humans
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / metabolism
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / metabolism
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U937 Cells
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins
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Cytostatic Agents
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Elapid Venoms
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 9