Changing mortality profile among HIV-infected patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: shifting from AIDS to non-AIDS related conditions in the HAART era

Beatriz Grinsztejn; Paula M Luz; Antonio G Pacheco; Desiree V G Santos; Luciane Velasque; Ronaldo I Moreira; Maria Regina C Guimarães; Estevão P Nunes; Alberto S Lemos; Sayonara R Ribeiro; Dayse P Campos; Marco A A Vitoria; Valdilea G Veloso

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059768

Changing mortality profile among HIV-infected patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: shifting from AIDS to non-AIDS related conditions in the HAART era

PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e59768. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059768. Epub 2013 Apr 5.

Authors

Beatriz Grinsztejn¹, Paula M Luz, Antonio G Pacheco, Desiree V G Santos, Luciane Velasque, Ronaldo I Moreira, Maria Regina C Guimarães, Estevão P Nunes, Alberto S Lemos, Sayonara R Ribeiro, Dayse P Campos, Marco A A Vitoria, Valdilea G Veloso

Affiliation

¹ Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. gbeatriz@ipec.fiocruz.br

Abstract

Introduction: We describe temporal trends in the mortality rates and factors associated with AIDS and non-AIDS related mortality at the Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute (IPEC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ).

Methods: Adult patients enrolling from 1986 through 2009 with a minimum follow up of 60 days were included. Vital status was exhaustively checked using patients' medical charts, through active contact with individuals and family members and by linkage with the Rio de Janeiro Mortality database using a previously validated algorithm. The CoDe protocol was used to establish the cause of death. Extended Cox proportional hazards models were used for multivariate modeling.

Results: A total of 3530 individuals met the inclusion criteria, out of which 868 (24.6%) deceased; median follow up per patient was 3.9 years (interquartile range 1.7-9.2 years). The dramatic decrease in the overall mortality rates was driven by AIDS-related causes that decreased from 9.19 deaths/100PYs n 1986-1991 to 1.35/100PYs in 2007-2009. Non-AIDS related mortality rates remained stable overtime, at around 1 death/100PYs. Immunodeficiency significantly increased the hazard of both AIDS-related and non-AIDS-related causes of death, while HAART use was strongly associated with a lower hazard of death from either cause.

Conclusions: Our results confirm the remarkable decrease in AIDS-related mortality as the HIV epidemic evolved and alerts to the conditions not traditionally related to HIV/AIDS which are now becoming more frequent, needing careful monitoring.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / drug therapy*
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / mortality*
Adolescent
Adult
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active*
Brazil / epidemiology
Female
Humans
Incidence
Male
Middle Aged
Temporal Arteries
Young Adult

Grants and funding

B.G. acknowledges funding from the National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) and the Research Funding Agency of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ). A.G.P. acknowledges funding from the National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) and the Research Funding Agency of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ). P.M.L. acknowledges funding from the National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.